Brightlines replacement heads are not interchangeable between models, though, and they typically cost more per head than the replacements for our top pick (they cost about the same as those for our runner-up). The silicone mouthguard on our test unit had a strange aftertaste, even after multiple washings, and did not adequately remove food specks from teeth. Cleaning modes generally dont matter, according to experts we spoke to and research weve seen. The Philips Sonicare 2100, 5100, 5300, 6100, 6500, and 7500 all feature the same technology as the 4100 and 1100, with 31,000 bristle movements per minute. Learn how to update your browser. Factoring in shipping costs, these replacement heads are among the most expensive weve considered, by far (a definite dealbreaker, in our opinion). Oral-B Genius 7000 Toothbrush $ 155.60 $ 219.99 Oral-B Smart 1500 Electric Toothbrush I like that this electric toothbrush has a circular spinning brush It charges via USB and has a pressure sensor. The pricier models also include accessories such as a travel case, which are nice but not necessary. That is a saving of SKIP AHEAD Best electric toothbrushes | How to shop for electric toothbrushes. According to Foreo, one full charge gives a whole years worth of battery power. It scrubs away biofilm that can later turn to plaque, and it makes achieving the American Dental Associations recommended two minutes of brushing with toothpaste even more simple, and perhaps, delightful. All rights reserved. While theres only one brush head style, the back of the brush head is covered in a rubberized plastic, which feels less jarring than the hard plastic on the back of both our picks brush headsespecially when it makes contact with teeth opposite the ones youre brushing. Like the more expensive models we tested, this brush survived its drop and dunk tests, drops easily onto its charging cradle, and is designed so that swapping our brush heads is quick and easy. Once the handle is opened, the toothbrush is considered destroyed and its warranty voided. We dont recommend U-shaped (or mouthguard-style) brushes for kids or adults. Although Goby is quick to replace malfunctioning brushes under its lifetime warranty (one of our long-term testers made use of this warranty twice in a single year, going through three brushes in as many months), we think that, compared with our other picks, the brushs higher price point isnt justifiable. Its also twice the price. Oral-Bs brush head refills are, on average, less expensive than brand-name replacement heads for other brushes. All Quip brushes bought directly through the companys website are warrantied against manufacturing defects for a year (or longer if you maintain a subscription for any refills). ADA Seal of Acceptance: No | Battery: Rechargeable | Cleaning modes: 5 | Intensity levels: 3 | Pressure sensor: Yes | Timer: Yes | Brush head replacement indicator: Yes | Smart features: Companion app. Although over the long term it would be much more affordable when compared with our picks (and their lesser versions), were not prepared to recommend it as a budget pick without continuing to test it. It makes more sense to compare it to AA- or AAA-powered brushes available in most drugstores. Lpez Howell pointed to the Childrens Oral Health campaigns 2min2x website, produced in collaboration with the Ad Council, which offers a series of two-minute videos kids (or adults) can watch while brushing. Oral-Bs brush head refills are, on average, less expensive than brand-name replacement heads for other brushes. Still, we would not recommend that most people pay considerably more than the cost of our picks for this (or for any other) smart toothbrush. We found the tracking spotty; the app counted some unbrushed teeth as clean.. The water-resistant eclectic toothbrush has a three-month battery life, according to the brand, and offers timed sonic vibrations and pulses to guide your brushing. Like the AutoBrush Kids, we found the Willo disappointing. Like other models in the Oral-B line, it has superfluous cleaning modes and is compatible with any of the companys replacement heads. There are plenty of free appsincluding Oral-Bs for Android and iOSthat can be used with non-smart brushes, powered or manual, to help you time and track your tooth brushing, remind you to clean your tongue and to floss, and so on. The one-button simplicity is a great feature. Zoe Malin has been covering dental hygiene products for over a year at Select and has published guides about toothpaste, floss, teeth whitening products and more. ), Im trying to be less hard on myself in general, one tester said after using the Quip Rechargeable for a month, finding herself reaching for it more frequently than the Oral-B brush she regularly used. And all of the replacement mouthguards cost more than $10 apiece, making these types of toothbrushes far more expensive than any of our other picks. The brush heads compatible with all Philips Sonicare brushes, including the 4100, each come with a tiny plastic hood you can pop off and on to help guard against the coliform sprays flying around the bathroom if you store your toothbrush in open air. Dentists recommend brushing for two minutes twice a day. Nearly all electric toothbrushes that pair to apps collect varying amounts of personal information. The brush itself offers six cleaning modesfive more than neededand quadrant pacing, plus optional USB charging. Her latest picture book, The Real Santa, follows a determined little Black boy's journey to discover what the jolly icon truly looks like. Predictably, brushing with it feels high tech: The onboard digital display smiles at you. One full charge gives you up to three months of battery life, according to Quip, and the smart electric toothbrush comes with a travel cover that doubles as a holder you can attach to your mirror. (470) Save up to 1/2 price on selected electrical dental. WebOral-B Precision Clean Electric Toothbrush Head, Pack of 12 You can get this Oral-B Precision Clean Electric Toothbrush Head reduced from 43.50 to 21.99 with Free Delivery. Unlike the Pro 1000, with the 4100 you can choose from two vibration intensities (strong or stronger), which may be helpful when first getting used to this models powerful motor. With a Quip, you still need to perform brush strokes over the surface of every tooth in order to get a complete clean. The bristles is durable and not easy to fall off which ensures you'll get a great brushing experience. Youll know if you tend to brush too hard if your toothbrush bristles flare out in less than three months. We found only one small, old, imperfect studyfunded in part by a grant from Rowenta, a German company that made electric toothbrushes at the timethat compared brushes with 2,100, 2,500, and 3,500 brushstrokes per minute and found that the middle frequency was the most effective at removing plaque (at most 1.5 times better than the other frequencies and yielded about 50% more plaque free sites than the highest frequency). Nearly every electric toothbrush weve tested requires rinsing and/or wiping down between each use. Our top pick brush from Oral-B does not include brush caps. The short answer is yes, electric toothbrushes can damage your teeth, but so can manual toothbrushes and other dental hygiene products you use improperly. But you can customize your brushing experience with various brush heads, like the hollow tip for veneers and crowns (so brushing wont cause gum recession), short tip for general everyday use and long-tip bristles for wider spaces between teeth. Unlike with the Pro 1000, the 4100 pedestal isnt automatically compatible with two-prong electrical outlets (you need to request an adapter). If you travel with an electric toothbrush, youll appreciate the included case, which can charge the brush handle and a phone. For people with physical or neurological issues that can complicate oral hygiene, the habit-tracking and coaching support that smart toothbrushes provide can be priceless. Philips Sonicare DiamondClean, Replacement Electric Toothbrush Heads, Medium Bristle, 8-count. After more than 100 total hours of research, interviewing dental experts, considering nearly every model available, and testing 36 toothbrushes ourselves in hundreds of trials at the bathroom sink, weve found that the Oral-B Pro 1000 is the best electric toothbrush. In 2021 we tested a revamped version of the Goby, finding that it became especially hot during charging. It has so far survived our dunk, drop, and battery tests, plus more than nine months of twice-daily use. They can walk you through how to brush at their office so you can avoid confusion at home. While shopping, for electric toothbrushes, experts said to consider factors like: Similar to other oral hygiene like mouthwashes, whitening products, floss and water flossers, electric toothbrushes and kids electric toothbrushes can earn the ADAs Seal of Acceptance. An electric toothbrush should last for yearsat least two, in the case of our picks, each of which are warrantied for as long and which weve used for five or more. Dental experts and Select staff recommend their favorite electric toothbrushes and share the pros and cons of using one. Improper brushing may lead to an increase in gum recession, gingival abrasion and potentially tooth wear, Doniger said. The Pro 1000s quadrant-pacing timer goes off every 30 seconds, alerting the user of the timeto move the brush to another section of their mouthsby briefly pausing. The handle itself is among the lightest and most streamlined weve tested, featuring a single on-off button (no superfluous cleaning modes). Cleaning modes generally dont matter, according to experts we spoke with and research weve seen. Our pick was included in the first group of electric toothbrushes to receive the ADA Seal of Acceptance, in September 2017 (two years after we first recommended the model). The same is true of both our picks power cords (pictured above). In addition to a quick rinse and wipe between uses, you may find it worthwhile to periodically remove the brush head to clean this junction. Not only did it leave behind specks of food, it also required using a special kind of toothpaste made by AutoBrush. It has an oscillating brush head that breaks up plaque and you can purchase multiple different types of replacement brush heads, which will typically cost you about $31 for a pack of two. The Vibe, which like our picks has earned the ADA Seal of Acceptance, has three superfluous cleaning modes and comes in a starter kit with a travel case and eight brush heads. Electric toothbrushes are more expensive than manual ones, and not just at the outset. A marginally effective pressure sensor stops the brushs buzzing when you bear down too hard. Amazon has the Bitvae D2 Ultrasonic Electric Toothbrush w/ 8x Brush Heads for a low $12.37 Free Shipping after Prime discount, Clip Coupon, and Coupon Are the inconvenience and privacy considerations associated with such check-ins worth the potential cost savings? You can purchase multiple different toothbrush heads for this electric toothbrush, which will typically cost you about $30 for a pack of two. These brush heads naturally whiten and shine your teeth. As a result, if you dont connect the brush to your mobile device, its up to you to time your brushing and determine pacing. You can purchase multiple different types of replacement brush heads for this electric toothbrush, which will typically cost you about $21 per brush head. A company spokesperson said that our tester may have been applying too much pressure while using these brush heads. What you get for the higher cost is less friction in achieving good brushing habits. 41 results. These useful things were the most-purchased Wirecutter picks in 2022. Over the past eight years weve tested, and in many cases retested, more than three dozen different electric toothbrushes. In most cases, the only way to opt out of your dataanonymized or notbeing disclosed with affiliates and third parties, for a variety of purposes, is to not download or use the app at all. Updates editor Mili Godio also mentioned that this Oral-B model does not irritate her sensitive teeth or sensitive gums thanks to its gentle brush speed. You can opt to get replacement brush heads delivered to your door automatically when you opt-in to Quips subscription service or purchase them as needed for $6. AquaSonic currently sells Vibe-compatible replacement heads in an eight-pack that costs $35 ($4.38 per head) and a two-pack that costs $11 ($5.50 apiece), both more expensive than Oral-B and Philips Sonicare heads bought in more-economical packs. (171) Not available online. If youre concerned about improper or over-brushing especially as it pertains to overall gum care and tooth health talk to your dental hygienist about proper brushing technique. Even if you find yourself burning through Vibe brush heads more quickly than you would Oral-B or Philips Sonicare heads, the potential savings add upagain, assuming the brush handle lasts long enough to prove its value. (30) Not available online. WebOral-B Pro 3 3800 Charcoal Black Electric Toothbrush & Paste 194 1/2 price vs RRP on selected Oral B 44.99 each was 89.99 44.99 each Add ProCare Rechargeable Electric Toothbrush Pink 12 Buy 1 get 1 free on selected Pro Care 34.99 each Add Oral-B Pro 1 Blue Cross Action Electric Toothbrush 302 1/2 price vs RRP on selected Oral B Unlike other electric toothbrushes in Oral-Bs line, the iO is compatible only with iO-specific replacement brush heads (the most economical offer at the time of publication was about $8.50 each in a package of four, but they generally cost as much as $14 each). In September 2017, Oral-B became the first brand of electric toothbrush to receive the ADA seal, with five series of the Oscillating-Rotating-Pulsating Power Toothbrush earning this distinction. WebPhilips Sonicare Simply Clean replacement toothbrush heads, HX6013/ 04, 3 count. But you do have options, including: You may be asked to remove the rechargeable battery before disposing of an electric toothbrush handle. WebToilet Brushes | Cheap Toilet Brushes & Toilet Brush Holders | B&M Browse Categories Deals Trending Newsletter Brands Social Stores HURRY BEFORE THEY GO! They were not. WebUnique Bargains 8pcs Electric Toothbrush Replacement Heads Refill White Gentle Clean Nylon Bristles Product Name: Electric Toothbrush Replacement Heads, Material: Nylon, Quantity: 8pcs, Color: White, Size: 7.2x2.1cm / 2.83''x0.83''(L*W), Bristles Size: 1x1.3cm / 0.39''x0.51''(H*W) This brush features dual-action technology that the brand says combines a side-to-side bristle movement with a spinning movement. Otherwise, you may end up with dried toothbrush-spit residue gunking up any crevicesparticularly where the brush head meets the handle. At three years, the cost is $174 (a touch more than the three-year ownership cost of our runner-up pick). A spokesperson for Oral-B declined to share the number of oscillations and vibrations for any of its toothbrushes, except to say that there is a difference among its lines. Fully charged, it lasts for at least a week of twice-daily two-minute brushing sessions before needing a recharge, which is on a par with the other toothbrushes we tested in this price range and plenty for most people. He also recommends the toothbrush for its suite of features, including what he called a very noticeable pulse after two minutes, notifying you to stop brushing. You can purchase multiple different types of replacement brush heads, which will typically cost you about $31 for a pack of two. (In 2019, we did that.) Both models remember the last selected mode for future brushing sessions, and come equipped with two-minute quadrant timers. The Oral-B Smart series includes the Smart 3000, which connects wirelessly to Oral-Bs app to track how often and how long you brush (and whether you tend to press too hard). No matter the toothbrush (manual or powered, smart or not), brush twice a day for two minutes with a fluoride toothpaste, floss once daily, and visit your dentist to make sure that youre doing the right thing., Because brush heads must be replaced roughly every three months, the total cost of owning an electric toothbrush adds up. We also appreciate the Quips two-minute timer with helpful quadrant pacing. With all that being said, teeth should be cleaned with gentle brush motion, regardless of the type of brush you use, Doniger said. It also has some of the most expensive brush heads, at around $11 apiece. 8UNI ADA Seal of Acceptance: No | Battery: Rechargeable | Cleaning modes: 1 | Intensity levels: 1 | Pressure sensor: No | Timer: No | Brush head replacement indicator: No | Smart features: None. Altogether, over the past eight years, weve invested 100-plus hours in researching, evaluating, and testing more than three dozen powered toothbrushes. The pressure sensor is meant to alert you when youre brushing too hard, which experts agree is a bad thing. We havent tested mouthguard-style automatic toothbrushes made specifically for adults, such as the Y-Brush and the AutoBrush Pro. Experts told us that the RotaDent electric toothbrush has a 360-degree rotating head for efficient cleaning that gets under the gumline. Most folks wont need this, though. Oral-B does not specify how long it takes to get the brush to a full charge, but according to the company, you can charge it every day without significantly affecting the batterys capacity as long as you fully deplete it once every six months. Like the Pro 1000, the 4100 has a pressure sensor, lacks superfluous cleaning modes, and has earned the ADA Seal. If you brush really well with an [unconnected] toothbrush, you dont need any of these devices, said Wolff, who has provided dental care for people with various disabilities for longer than 40 years. Dr. Lawrence Fung, a dentist at Silicon Beach Dental in Southern California, recommended this electric toothbrush brush, which pairs with an app that can track your habits over time and provide you with helpful oral care tips. It comes with a travel cover that doubles as a holder you can attach to your mirror. Smart-toothbrush capabilities vary widely, but mainly these devices automate the process of tracking your brushing habits, typically by connecting to an app via Bluetooth. These useful baby and kid items were among the most-purchased Wirecutter picks in 2022. The Fairywill 507 and the Fairywill 508 were around the same price as the AquaSonic Vibe, but they dont feel as sturdy or look as nice as the Vibe. Nice-to-haves include quadrant pacing (when a brush either produces an additional buzz or stops buzzing every 30 seconds, letting you know its time to move on to brush another quarter of your teeth) or a pressure sensor (when a brush either produces an additional buzz, stops buzzing, or flashes a light letting you know youre applying too much pressure when brushing). Dr. Sheri Doniger, an Illinois-based dentist, recommends the Philips Sonicare DiamondClean Electric Toothbrush, which pairs with a companion app. Nor whitening modes. For additional information, see the Global Shipping Program, This amount includes applicable customs duties, taxes, brokerage and other fees. Oral-B Charcoal Electric Toothbrush Replacement Brush Heads Refill. This involved timing brushing sessions and battery lives, replacing brush heads (every three months, or more frequently as needed), and cleaning the handles and charging stands. Both have a single cleaning mode, and both have a two-minute timer, as well as a quadrant timer that buzzes every 30 seconds. Quips Standard Electric Toothbrush is the brands most basic powered toothbrush. Other good rechargeable electric toothbrushes, The features you dont need (what you get if you spend more), remove more plaque and do more to reduce gingivitis, dont have much more to offer than our pick, other higher-end Oral-B electric toothbrushes, Greater Goodss Sonic Electric Toothbrush, Philips Sonicare FlexCare Platinum Connected, Wirecutters 100 Most Popular Picks of 2022, Wirecutters 100 Most Popular Picks in October 2022, Wirecutters Most Popular Picks for Babies and Kids in 2022. We chose not to test this ultra-expensive (close to $400) brush. They are much more costly and simply less effective than our picks. The most significant thing about any powered toothbrush that might change over the course of its lifetime is the battery life; over the years, rechargeable batteries tend to lose capacity. Spend around $70, about 40% more than the cost of our top pick and your brush likely comes with a travel case and a few extra cleaning modes, which vibrate the brush at different patterns or frequencies. As with most of the toothbrush models we tested, the battery life indicator on the Pro 1000 is vague: It lets you know when the battery is full (a continuous green light for five seconds after you remove it from the charging base) and when it is low (a red flashing light after turning the brush off). Some speciality recycling and take back programs exist. It has known security flaws and may not display all features of this and other websites. Replacements Brush Heads is made of nylon bristles. If you over-brush on the enamel layer of your teeth, she said you may cause the enamel to be abraded away, leaving little notches on your teeth at the gum line. Kids dont need an electric toothbrush to achieve good dental hygiene, though a smaller brush head and built-in timer can help them brush better. The brush head also has silicone ridges on its back, which acts as a tongue and cheek cleaner. The Philips Sonicare 4100 also has a two-minute timer with quadrant pacing but is less noisy compared with the Oral-B Pro 1000. The most recent version of this article was edited by Tracy Vence and Kalee Thompson. Customers can request a free two-prong plug adapter from Philips Sonicare. The Vitality brush is Oral-Bs least expensive electric model with a rechargeable battery. The most common issue we hear from customers usually has something to do with their battery after many years of use, Goby CEO Benjamin Goldberg wrote in an email. If you find an automated two-minute timer helpful or you need or prefer to brush with a powered assist, it may be worthwhile to upgrade from a manual to an electric toothbrush. First, electric toothbrushes are great at removing bacteria and are much better than manual brushing, since they either have a spinning head or utilize sonic vibrations, Fung told us. The Pro 1000 is rated to last for seven days of brushing sessions on one charge; in our real-world testing, it lasted for 11.5 days on average, which is typical for a brush in this price range. The tissues surrounding teeth are also fragile, so over-brushing can lead to micro-abrasions or tears, Doniger said. A quality electric toothbrush does most of the brushing for you. The Sonic Fusion SF-01s water-flosser nozzle is built into the toothbrush head. If you like Quip but want a more high tech electric toothbrush, the brand offers a Bluetooth-enabled option that connects to a companion app so you can track your brushing habits. In the case of a toothbrush, this might mean it becomes less powerful or doesnt hold a charge for as many days. Browse the best deals, set personalizedalerts, and participate in our community! Call or Email Marla Friedman now - (516) 595-0461. We dont think theyre for everyone, but people who can benefit from added guidance and feedback through the brushing process may find a smart toothbrush to be a crucial tool in maintaining oral health. Philips Sonicares 9900 Prestige is the brands top-of-the-line smart toothbrush. They differ in levels of intensity (for instance, the 2100 offers two levels while the 6100 offers three) and the number of cleaning modes (the 1100 and 2100 only offer one while the 6100 offers three). The topmost and bottommost bristles on the Brush head are longer than those in the center, creating a sort of flared shape; depending on your preferences, this head design may feel like a feature or a bug. WebShop Target for pink toothbrush holder you will love at great low prices. Similarly, we found the price a lot to spend on multiple, unnecessary cleaning modes (four for the 7500), intensities (three), and travel accessories. Best of all, youre not getting overcharged for features like digital monitors, travel cases, or inductive chargersnone of which will actually get your teeth any cleaner than the Pro 1000 can. However, a pack of 10 is on the face of it more expensive at $25.39 per pack, but split that by 10 and the cost comes down to just $2.54 per head. The 4100 runs much more quietly than the Pro 1000, but unlike the Pro 1000, it comes to a full stop after two minutes of brushing (rather than restarting the cycle as the Pro 1000 does) and has a less diverse, more expensive range of brush heads, giving you fewer options for head shapes and bristle textures. My whole mouth feels extra clean after brushing, Daruvuri said. However, weve heard an increasing number of complaints from readers and long-term testers regarding this brushs durability, with multiple people reporting that their brushes conked out within a year of use. Rather than using your phones front-facing camera, however, the Genius X uses on-board sensors and artificial intelligence to track the brush heads location as you move it around your mouth. Without a point of comparison, this may go undetected. It runs much more quietly than nearly every other electric toothbrush weve tested. While you can find some unofficial instructions for hacking a toothbrush to replace its battery, Oral-B and Philips Sonicare both say that the batteries inside its powered toothbrushes, which are sealed within the brush handles, are not replaceable. IE 11 is not supported. (These are, of course, additional pieces of hard-to-recycle plastic.). Does that sound like a drag? She is also a GLAAD Awardnominated on-air host and a New York Times best-selling author. The 7000 comes with a travel case and a charging stand that can hold four extra brush heads encased in a little plastic dome. WebPick up an affordable, high quality toothbrush from B&M. As part of the American Dental Associations Seal of Acceptance program, the makers of oral care products, such as manual toothbrushes, toothpaste, mouthwash, floss, electric toothbrushes, and water flossers, can choose to submit data for an ADA-associated panel to review according to a set of criteria. WebPRECISION BRUSH HEADS 3.99 GBP Tax included. View cart for details. Now that our runner-up comes with a quadrant timer, this toothbrush has no features that we think are worth spending extra on. The Oral-B Pro 500 comes with a Precision Clean toothbrush head while the Pro 1000 comes with a CrossAction toothbrush head, but you can swap out one for another depending on your preference. (It offers three total levels of intensity.) Our testers have found that the higher intensity setting roughly matches the feel of the Pro 1000s lone intensity setting. The Colgate Smart Electronic Toothbrush E1 (currently unavailable) also uses onboard sensors to track the brush heads location as you move it around your mouth. A company spokesperson confirmed that the earned heads are indeed free; no shipping or handling costs are associated with this offer. The Philips Sonicare FlexCare Platinum Connected has far more cleaning settings than needed (three total, each with multiple speeds), and in our experience, didnt deliver on its promise to track whether youre adequately brushing teeth in every part of your mouth. ADA Seal of Acceptance: Yes | Battery: Rechargeable | Cleaning modes: 3 | Intensity levels: 1 | Pressure sensor: Yes | Timer: Yes | Brush head replacement indicator: No | Smart features: None. Although we were quite certain based on our background research alone that many deluxe-sounding features are not worth paying more for, we did test higher-end brushes from Oral-B, Philips Sonicare, and other companies to compare their usability against that of the simplest models and assess if their overall cleaning experiences were better. After seeing it splashed around on social mediaand even on Times 2020 best invention listwe also tested the Willo. An older version of the Pro 1000 had a grippier handle with ridges, which tended to accumulate dribbles and made the brush handle a bit more difficult to keep clean. The AquaSonic Vibe is the closest to a Philips Sonicare electric toothbrush dupe weve found. However, experts said there are some factors you can consider to help you narrow down the plethora of options available. WebBaking Soda. Compared with the 4100, the 1100 has only one intensity level instead of two (which we dont think matters much), comes with a different brush head (the 1100 comes with the C1 SimplyClean versus the C2 Optimal Plaque Control) and lacks a light that reminds you to replace your brush head. Oral-B CrossAction Electric Toothbrush Replacement Brush Head Refills. Higher-priced Oral-B models dont have much more to offer than our pick when it comes to overall brushing experience. It is sleek, with a matte plastic finish, and it has some real luxury features, like an inductive charging glass and travel case, but its price is a lot to spend for those items. At Select, we work with experts who have specialized knowledge and authority based on relevant training and/or experience. Wirecutter is the product recommendation service from The New York Times. Copyright 1995-2023 eBay Inc. All Rights Reserved. WebHead Office 4930 Rue Courval Montral, QC H4T 1L1 Canada (514) 343-0220 info@splash-home.com We also added a few Select staff favorites. The DiamondClean has five cleaning modes (four too many) that you must manually cycle through if you need to turn the brush off before reaching two minutes. WebTake the first step to help. The Philips Sonicare DiamondClean is pretty sleek with a matte plastic finish, and it has some real luxury features, like an inductive charging glass and travel case, but its price is a lot to spend for those items. carolyn elizabeth davis north carolina, 5 halimbawa ng sektor ng agrikultura, occ pistol permit class,
